海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用     

赵苑  赵丽  董逸  李海波  张武昌  肖天 《海洋科学集刊》2017,(52):22-34

海洋中存在着大量的颗粒,包括大型聚合颗粒（即海雪,粒径>500μm）、小型聚合颗粒（1~500μm）和亚微米颗粒粒径（<1μm）等。颗粒在海水中营造了不同于纯海水的小生境,其中生活着与自然海水中不同的生物。异养细菌、蓝细菌、真核藻类、鞭毛虫、纤毛虫等微食物网生物可以黏附在海洋颗粒上,或生活在颗粒内部,其丰度高于周围水体中的自由生活生物,这可能是由于颗粒提供了更适宜生长的营养环境。本文综述了海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用。微食物网生物在颗粒物的形成过程中起到很重要的作用,它们可以直接促进颗粒形成,也可以彼此结合成颗粒,或微型浮游动物排粪形成颗粒。微食物网生物还可以对颗粒进行转化,影响颗粒的大小、沉降速度、或对颗粒及其黏附生物进行摄食。微食物网生物由于本身较小,沉降较慢,但这些生物和颗粒的结合使得微食物网生物在碳通量中发挥重要的作用。  相似文献   

Overview of Ecological Restoration Technologies and Evaluation Systems     

ZHEN Lin  YAN Huimin  HU Yunfeng  XUE Zhichao  XIAO Yu  XIE Gaodi  MA Jianxia  WANG Jijun 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(4):315-324

Ecological degradation is a global problem, and ecological restoration technologies have played and will continue to play an important role in its mitigation. However, the lack of systematic research and evaluations of ecological technologies has thus far affected their effective application in vulnerable ecological regions. This study therefore provides an overview of the main technologies for remediating soil and water erosion, desertification, and rock desertification in China and throughout the world. It addresses key issues and recommends approaches for evaluating ecological restoration technologies. Restoration technology emerged as early as 1800. Over the years such technology has changed from single objective applications to multi-purpose, multi-objective applications employing strategies that take into account ecosystem rehabilitation and integrated ecological and socioeconomic development. Along with this technological evolution, different countries have taken pertinent actions as part of their restoration initiatives. However, key issues remain, including the lack of location-specific restoration technologies and a methodological strategy to assess and prioritize existing technologies. This study proposes a four-level analytical hierarchical framework in conjunction with an indicator system that highlights the establishment and adaptation of associative indicators, while also recommending a three-phase evaluation method (TheMert), targeting TheMert to qualitative (quick and extensive) and quantitative (detailed) evaluations in order to select the most appropriate restoration technologies available. This study can also be used as a basis for understanding the evaluation and prioritization of restoration technologies, while increasing the awareness of decision makers and the public on the role of technology in restoring degraded ecosystems.  相似文献   

粤东横田花岗斑岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成及其地质意义     

范飞鹏  肖惠良  陈乐柱  李海立  康从轩  刘建雄  邓中林  李少斌  林梗伟  周霞 《地质通报》2017,36(7):1218-1230

横田花岗斑岩位于粤东田东钨锡多金属矿床的中部。以横田花岗斑岩为研究对象,开展了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成特征研究。花岗斑岩多呈岩株产出,灰白色,斑状结构,块状构造,主要由斑晶(10%)和基质(90%)组成,斑晶由斜长石、钾长石、石英、黑云母组成,杂乱分布,粒度为0.6~6mm,基质由长石、石英、黑云母组成,长石粒度为0.02~0.25mm。获得花岗斑岩锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为142±1Ma,说明岩体形成于早白垩世。主量、微量元素特征显示,花岗斑岩属于高钾钙碱性强过铝质,富集Rb、U、Nd、Hf等元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等,与高分异的S型花岗岩相似。花岗斑岩的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值均小于0,在t-ε_(Hf)(t)和t-(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i图上,所有样品点均落在球粒陨石演化线之下和华南中元古代基底演化线之上,二阶段模式年龄变化范围为1.28~1.47Ga,表明成岩物质主要来源于中元古代古老地壳变质泥岩部分熔融。  相似文献   

中国北方中新生代盆地深部砂岩铀矿成矿条件与找矿方向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗培森  李建国  汤超  金若时  程银行  赵龙  肖鹏  魏佳林 《地质通报》2017,36(10):1830-1840

受开采技术、成本和成矿理论制约,现有的砂岩型铀矿勘查主要选择在盆地边缘700m以浅的地区,对盆地深部的铀矿找矿潜力研究较少。总结中国北方重要中新生代盆地的含铀岩系、构造特征,结合近年开展的北方砂岩型铀矿深部找矿,分析了盆地深部成矿有利的沉积建造、构造与流体改造、还原条件等,指明了盆地的深部找矿潜力。同时指出,作为战略储备,当前盆地深部寻找砂岩型铀矿要优先重视2个方向:(1)在盆地边缘斜坡区,重点以发育红-黑岩系结构的含铀地层为目标,寻找与浅部成矿条件相似的深部矿床;(2)在盆地中心区,以含铀的红色岩系为重点,优先寻找延伸至盆地深部的正向构造区和砂体发育区。这些认识在松辽盆地的铀矿调查中得到验证。  相似文献   

海相火山岩区地质填图方法——以北祁连山东段白银矿田古火山机构厘定为例     

潘峰  李向民  校培喜  张越  余吉远  王国强 《地质通报》2017,36(11):2045-2053

20世纪90年代以来,火山机构控矿理论在海相火山岩区块状硫化物矿床研究中得到了越来越多的关注,基于该理论的指导,在北祁连山东段的白银矿田取得了找矿突破性进展。其间,详细的海相火山岩相地质填图工作为白银矿田火山机构与成矿联系的研究及找矿突破奠定了坚实的基础。反映出在海相火山岩区推行合理可行的火山岩相地质填图方法至关重要。以白银矿田海相火山岩区为例,首先,对该区大比例尺火山岩相填图及古火山机构厘定成果进行介绍;其次,通过分析、借鉴此成功案例,总结海相火山岩区填图内容和技术方法;最后,阐述应用该方法在北祁连山中段祁连县一带海相火山岩区进行大比例尺填图的成功尝试。  相似文献   

Changes in soil organic carbon and its active fractions in different desertification stages of alpine-cold grassland in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau     

Yu-Fu Hu  Shuang-Long Jiang  Shu Yuan  Liang-Ji Deng  Hai-Hua Xiao  Xiang-Yang Shu  Guang-Deng Chen  Jian-Guo Xia 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(9):348

In recent years, the desertification of alpine-cold grasslands has become increasingly serious in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in China, but it has not received the same amount of attention as has desertification in (semi)arid areas. Little is thus known about the change in soil organic carbon (SOC) during alpine-cold grassland desertification. To quantify the impacts of desertification on vegetation, SOC and its active fractions in alpine-cold grasslands, areas of light desertified grassland, medium desertified grassland, heavy desertified grassland, serious desertified grassland, and nondesertified grassland were selected as experimental sites in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in China. The species number, height and coverage of vegetation were surveyed, and the soil particle fractions, SOC and SOC active fractions (including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and labile organic carbon (LOC) were measured to a depth of 0–100 cm. The results showed that alpine-cold grassland desertification resulted in a significant reduction in vegetation cover, plant biomass, fine soil particles, SOC, DOC, LOC and MBC. The decreases in DOC, LOC and MBC were more rapid and apparent than were those in SOC, and the decrease in MBC was the most obvious among them. The rates of reduction in SOC concentrations accelerated as desertification progressed; most of the SOC was lost in the middle and later desertification stages, with lower losses during early desertification. The results indicate that active SOC fractions, particularly MBC, are more sensitive to desertification and can be used as sensitive indicators of desertification. Efforts to limit desertification and reduce SOC loss in alpine-cold grasslands should focus on early desertification stages and adopt strategies to prevent overgrazing and control the erosion of soil by wind.  相似文献   

情境建模下的LBS智能信息服务推送方法     

肖锋  侯岳  贾宝 《测绘通报》2016,(4):96-98,109

为满足移动互联网用户的个性化信息服务需求,引入用户兴趣模型匹配技术,提出了一种基于情境建模下的LBS智能信息推送服务模式,通过构建位置过滤模块、用户兴趣模型匹配及智能信息分类模块,实现了对推送信息的层层过滤,并同时结合反馈处理部分的修正功能实时改进推送模型的精度,从而提高了信息服务的质量和效率,使推荐的信息资源更加符合用户的实际需要。原型系统的实际应用表明了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

927一期工程测图成果质量检验软件的设计与实现     

程鹏飞  赵有松  张莉  肖倩  尹粟 《测绘通报》2016,(5):88

简要阐述了927一期测图成果质量检验软件的总体设计思想和技术构架等情况,给出了软件研发的技术路线,对比了软件功能需求与研发实现间的关系,总体上对该软件进行了介绍。该软件已在927项目任务承担单位中得到广泛应用,并为做好国家重大测绘工程项目的质量控制提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

GNSS伪距粗差的开窗探测及修复     

周承松  刘文祥  肖伟  彭竞  王飞雪 《测绘通报》2016,(12):20-24

针对GNSS伪距观测粗差,提出一种基于同一卫星历史伪距时间序列的时间相关性、不同卫星伪距间的空间相关性的开窗粗差探测修复方法。以窗口内历史伪距时间序列分别预测当前各卫星伪距,得到各卫星伪距预测值和实测值的残差并将其标准化,再用各卫星伪距残差的变异系数来衡量不同卫星伪距间的空间相关性,通过伪距时间相关性和空间相关性构成膨胀因子进行粗差定位,并以窗口内伪距相关为原则进行粗差修复。试验证明,该方法能在线探测修复多种类型伪距粗差,并能合理处理不影响定位的等量跳变。  相似文献   

浅析当代专题地图的现状及应用前景     

刘美春  肖剑平 《测绘通报》2016,(10):117-120

专题地图是文化的产物,其应用面、产品形式、应用价值都是随着时代的发展而变化的,不同时期、不同领域受关注的程度差异很大。本文从当今专题地图的现状着手,从专题地图的特性、发展条件及发展趋势几个方面进行了论述,分析了其应用前景。  相似文献